Advice To A Young Man English Literature Essay

Advice To A Young Man English Literature Essay Benjamin Franklin, Founding Fathers of the United States, was born on January 17, 1706 and died on April 17, 1790 aged 84. Franklin was a lead author and printer, satirist, political theorist, politician, postmaster, scientist, inventor, civic activist, statesman, and diplomat. As a scientist, he was a significant figure in the American Enlightenment and the history of physics for his discoveries as well theories regarding electricity. He invented the glass armonica, the Franklin stove, bifocals, a carriage odometer, and the lightning rod. At the age of 24, Franklin publicly acknowledged an illegitimate son named William. In June 25, 1745, Benjamin Franklin wrote a letter Advice to a Friend on Choosing a Mistress. In this he is advice to a young man on how to channel his sexual urges. He states that a remedy for sexual desire is unknown. His advice would be to take a wife. Having doubts that the intended reader will finally get married; the speaker outlines several advantages of marrying. That the intended reader would succeed in his industry if he gets a healthy wife. According to Franklin, a prudent wife is economical and she is sufficiently a fortune. The author is able to portray a woman as very important in any family (McGovern 10). Incase the above arguments fails; Franklin lists seven explanations why an older mistress is better than a young one. Advantages include greater caution in conducting an intrigue, less risk of unwanted pregnancy, and better conversation. The author advised the young man that his reputation will be safer with the commerce of woman. According to Franklin, a woman is able to safeguard her familys reputations incase of an affair. She is capable of forming a mans manners by her good counsel. Born in St. Johns, Antigua and Barbuda on May 25, 1949, as Elaine Cynthia Potter Richardson, Jamaica Kincaid is an American Caribbean gardener, author and novelist. Throughout the academic year she teaches at Claremont McKenna College in Claremont, California, resides with her family in North Bennington, Vermont, in the summers. In St. Johns, Antigua and Barbuda she was brought up by her mother and stepfather, who was a carpenter, until 1965 at age of 19 where she moved to America, New York to work as an aupair. She changed her name to Jamaica Kincaid since her family criticized her writing, in 1973. She has given birth to a son, named Harold, and a daughter, named Annie, with her former husband Allen Shawn. She recently converted to Judaism a minority religion with minority of Black people. She writes extensively on women and their relationships with one another, especially mother to her daughter to be precise as depicted in her works such as Annie John, Lucy, The Autobiography of M y Mother, and Girl which a collection of stories and was first published in 1983 in At the Bottom of the River. In her poem Girl she talks about the morals and norms imposed on women by the humanity, and at times, their own community and social group as well. Here, the major theme of conflicts between a mother and her daughter and traditional and Western or modern values are portrayed by her effective illustration of daughters relationship with her mother. The literary work was done when St. Johns, Antigua and Barbuda was moving from a colonial state and my people were at crossroads on whether to keep African-based Obeah culture or be assimilated in the British or Western ways (Gioia and Kennedy 379). The speaker in Girl employs the use of constant command which makes obvious that she feels as if she ought to be ruthless and simple with the girl in order for her to be taken seriously. The orator desires the girl to know how to behave, and the only approach she finds in which to do so is by authorizing the girl to do specific chores and making it look like there is alternative way in which to perform them. The orator tries to teach the girl by replicating fine points for instance how to set a table in five diverse circumstances. By demonstrating that there is a great deal to be learned to adequately carry out a simple task such as setting the table, the orator shows the girl that she ought to pay attention and put effort to succeed as a woman. In this way, the speaker acts as a role model as well as a counselor to the girl. The speaker shows that a woman has various roles as well various ways of performing the same task (University of Delhi 88). In both the literary works the writers portray the fact that women are expected to obtain and maintain clothes and are responsible for mens clothing. This is depicted in Kincaids Girl where it begins with laundry: Wash the white clothes on Monday and put them on the stone heap; wash the color clothes on Tuesday and put them on the clothesline to dry; After this the mother comes with demonstration on how you iron your fathers khaki shirt so that it doesnt have a crease; this is how you iron your fathers khaki pants so that they do not have a crease. In Benjamin Franklin, Advice to a Young Man on the Choice of a Mistress prudent healthy Wife is supposed to take care of her husband well so that he succeeds in his profession. This is also seen where the Girl is taught how to prepare and grow different foods. In this family a girl is expected to learn how to fish and to soak salt fish overnight before you cook it. Thus, in the two literary works the women are supposed to be caring of the husband and the rest of the family in terms of general wellbeing of the family. Being economically savvy is a virtue implied by both writers in their works. In the Girl she learns how to shop for bread grow root vegetable, okra and dasheen, and prepare pumpkin fritters, doukona (a coconut, banana and cornmeal pudding) bread pudding and pepper pot. These are humble dishes which are supposed to make ends meet. In Benjamin Franklin, Advice to a Young Man on the Choice of a Mistress a wife is supposed to be with her good Economy, and the husband will be a Fortune sufficient. The art of nursing is required of women in these literary works. This is whereby, as in the case of Girl, she has to learn how to make a good medicine for a cold and in the Benjamin Franklins work the lady has to learn to do a 1000 Services small and great, and are the most tender and useful of all Friends when you are sick. Therefore, the two societies though centuries apart, this knowledge was mandatory for all women and girls who are about to become wives. Behaving well in public places especially in front of men was greatly emphasized whereby the Girl is told this is how to behave in the presence of men who do not know you very well, and this way they wont recognize immediately the slut I have warned you against becoming. The mistress in Benjamin Franklins work Advice to a Young Man they are more prudent and discreet in conducting an Intrigue to prevent Suspicion. Thus both women and girls are supposed to carry themselves with decorum to avoid tainting their images. Being beautiful despite the age and chores that one does is not expected of women in the two literary works. In Advice to Young Man the lady learns how to maintain her attractiveness by having confidence in her by not leaning on looks. The Girl has to be smart even if it means washing with her own spit. In the Girl the mother tells the daughter how to how to bully a man; this is how a man bullies you Thus the woman has a role to play in introducing her daughter to complicated dating world. The mistress in the Advice to Young Man knows how to seduce effortlessly young boys by knowing how to kindly take care of a young Man, form his Manners by her good Counsels. Therefore, dating roles in both works are antagonistic whereby girls are expected to be chased by boys while old ladies seduce the young boys. Therefore, from the above roles of women in both the Girl by Jamaica Kincaid and Benjamin Franklins Advice to a Young Man on the Choice of a Mistress have significant similarities and disparities as also evident in the world today. Both authors represent a different period in time as well as station in life. Franklin is a man of status offering advice to someone he wishes to succeed in life. Franklin appreciate the roles of a healthy woman whereas Kincaid depicts the nurturing the roles of a well behaved woman.

Kellog’s Case Essay

Generally speaking, one can say a premium brand is a brand of excellent quality and value. Futhermore, a premium brand is a brand that has a particular value to a market because of the design, inventiveness and quality that it provides. In addition to this, a successful brand name will encourage loyalty amongst consumers who will be more likely to buy the product on a regular basis. So a brand is considered to be premium only when the customers believe the brand is worth the price one is paying for it. In other words, the vendor is able to charge more for a product even if the competition provides a similar product or service at a lower price. Regarding Kellog‘s, one can say it is a premium brand not only because of its wide range of products and 42% of the market share of the value ot the UK‘s cereal market but also because the consumers are con? dent that they receive a high quality product when they buy a Kellog‘s merchandise Question 2: Describe the difference between an aim and an objective. Before differentiating between an aim and an objective on should ? rst de? ne the speci? c meaning of these two words in the management context. An aim is a goal. It is something a company wants to achieve. Moreover, it helps people to understand the beliefs and principles of that business An objective is a more precise statement of the goal. It is designed to contribute to a speci? c aim. Therfore, it has to be speci? c, measurable and realistic. To make it more clear one can take Kellog‘s as an example. Their aim was was to clarify the importance of a balanced lifestyle to the consumers. To achieve this aim Kellog‘s set several objectives, such as increasing the association between Kellog‘s and sports or even encouring and supporting physical activities. Question 3: Outline the purpose of Kellog‘s work with the ASA. The reason why Kellog‘s chose to work with the Amateur Swimming Association can be deduced when one looks at the aims of Kellog‘s and of the ASA. As explained in question 2 Kellog‘s wants to reinforce the importance of a balanced lifestyle so its consumers understand how a balanced diet and excercise can improve their lives. ASA‘s aim is to give more people, more opportunities to swim for health and fun. Because of the correlation of these two aims of these two companies it makes sense to work together in order to use synergies to achieve their common goals and objectives. Whereas Kellog‘s acts as a sponsor, ASA makes sure the swimmers receive the best possble support and the funds reach the proper institutions and people. Moreover, working with ASA assisted Kellog‘s to get in contact with several other companies and partners, such as Sustrans. Furthermore, Kellog‘s reinforces its brand positioning by working with ASA. Because of its corporate responsibility Kellog‘s is perceived much more positively by its customers which automatically leads to a higher loyalty and a better business reputation, which eventually can lead to higher sales and revenues. Question 4: Using examples to support your dialogue, evaluate how Kellog communicates and discuss how this enables it to position its brand. Kellog‘s uses two ways to communicate. The internal and the external way. In order for a strategy to be adopted successfully, a company‘s internal and external communication has to be correlated. First of all Kellog‘s uses internal communication, which is done within its organisation. The goal of trying to clarify the importance of a balanced lifestyle to the consumers is also done within the company. By dispersing a house magazine to its employees, about the importance of a balanced lifestyle, it also wants to highlights the importance of its goal not only to its customers but also to its staff. Furthermore, the Kellog‘s personnel is provided with a pedometer to encourage its employees to live a healthier lifestyle. To summarize this, Kellog‘s wants its staff to understand its business objectives and also be able to relate to them. Secondly, Kellog‘s uses several external communication methods in order to strengthen its brand positioning. It uses several elements of the marketing-mix to communicate with its customers. First of all, it uses a huge variety of media to reach its consumers, such as the press, radio, television and internet. Moreover, the packaging of Kellogg’s products is also a key element of the marketing mix. Kellogs‘ packaging provides the assurances of quality and nutrition that come with its name and also appeal to the end user, mostly children. One example is the use of the cartoon characters of Jack & Aimee the tries to show the importance of exercise and a balanced lifestyle. So to summarize, one can say Kellog‘s wants to position its brand as a healthy, family-oriented, high quality product that puts an emphasis on a healthy and balanced lifestyle. This is done by communicating the need of physical activity by working with partners that emphasize sports and also by advertising the need of sports through their own channels such as packaging and advertisement.

Evaluating alternative sources of energy of the US

Evaluating alternative sources of energy of the US The energy situation of the United States is currently worse, an unimaginable situation for the country. This is because of the increasingly large demand for these resources in the daily lives of Americans. As the country reaches its peaks in development and technology, it is suffering from a deficit in the energy division, wherein the demands for it are not met, and the supply isn’t enough. The demand for resources like oil has stably increased in the past years, and the country depends much on imported oil so that they could reach the increasing demand.This also increases the price of these resources. According to Kouchi, â€Å"Since 2003, the unregulated price of natural gas has been very high and volatile – sometimes doubling in a matter of months (Kouchi). † With the continuously increasing needs of the people, even the importation of these resources will not be able to provide for the demands. Our needs con tinuously increase but the supply doesn’t. Even though we turn towards exporting these important energy resources, the costs greatly hurt the pockets of the people. According to Walker, â€Å"Residential energy use in the United States will increase 25 percent by the year 2025, according to U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) forecasts (Walker). † Because of energy source problem we are experiencing, we are turning towards various alternative sources of energy. Our natural source is slowly getting depleted so we must find another source of the energy we need so much in life. These alternative sources of energy would provide us of the power we need to run business, fuel our transportation, and cook our meals, everything that are essential for us to live. The environment is abundant of these possible resources; it just depends on the people on how we would be able to put it into more useful forms.These alternative resources include renewable and nonrenewable resources. The r enewable resources are wood/biomass, hydropower, solar power, wind energy, wave energy, tidal power and fusion, while the nonrenewable includes oil sands, coal, shale oil, gas hydrates, nuclear fission and geothermal energy. These resources all have the potential to provide us of our needs but there are limitations for every one of them and that they pose underlying effects when they are used, so proper evaluation should be done in order to do so. The most feasible of these resources would be the solar power and that of nuclear energy.Since sunlight is a free source for the people, and for a certain time of the day it is available, we will all be experiencing abundance in its supply here on earth. It will depend on how the person would convert the raw solar energy to become a useful form of energy. The other one would be the Nuclear energy, wherein it could really provide a lot of energy but the drawbacks are very dangerous, thus adopting this technique would really mean taking a lo t of risk for the consumer. Nuclear energy is proven to generate a lot of energy for the country but risks are still there in doing so.It has been tried and tested, and we have even paid the price of failure, and it was really big. A closer look on solar power Solar energy is derived from the light of the Sun and has already been proven useful in energy forms in a lot of traditional technologies and techniques. It has seen widespread use especially in the places which doesn’t have any means of energy available, since sunlight is readily available, even in remote places. It is also a big energy source in the outer space, wherein the sun gives off its rawest form of solar energy, wherein it gives off high intensity power that you need to process it to make it usable.The solar energy that reaches us here on earth has undergone various activities as it passes through the atmosphere. It actually starts as a very powerful solar radiation upon entering the Earth’s atmosphere, wherein it boasts more than a thousand watts per square meter of pure energy, solar power at its rawest form. As the solar radiation enters the atmosphere, some of it gets reflected backwards and only a portion proceeds and gets absorbed by the Earth. The atmosphere acts as a buffer and a barrier, filtering energy until what gets left is the usable energy for the people.Clouds, dusts particles, and certain pollutants contribute to the rate of reflection and absorption of the atmosphere, thus regulating the amount of solar energy that reaches the surface of the Earth. Considering the rate of conversion of this energy, the photovoltaic panels, the ones used to capture and convert useful solar energy, could distinctively convert and transform some 15% of the incoming sunlight to electricity, wherein the average delivery of a solar panel in the United States would turn out to be around 19 to 56 watts per square meter or about 0. 45 to 1.35 kilowatt-hour per square meter on each day. So lar energy could provide sufficient energy for the United States, but the turnout would still depend on the local conditions of a potential specific site, that is why it is hard to speak in a generalized manner. It is dependent on the areas where you would want to setup a solar power collection plant. Setting up a solar energy collection and conversion plant would be possible in some strategic areas. This includes most of the United States dry lands, the desert areas where there is the abundance of sunlight and has a predictable weather.These are mostly effective in states which have enough sunlight all throughout the year. However, it is difficult to acquire solar energy on some parts of the year, especially during winter, where there is scarcely any appearance of the sun. You could not depend on the solar energy as a source all throughout the year. You would need to have another alternate source, especially when it comes to the wet seasons where there is no sufficient supply of su nlight to fuel our needs. Practical uses and applications of Solar Energy There are a lot of possible uses and applications of solar energy.It depends on the nature of the demand for energy, since solar energy can be stored in solar cells. It could be modified to suit the situation. The main uses of solar energy would include heating, electricity generation, and desalination of seawater. The different applications include solar heating systems, solar cooking, solar lighting and photovoltaics. A solar heating system uses solar energy to heat various materials. There are some solar heating systems for heating water, wherein solar heaters may heat domestic water, or for heating swimming pools.This is essential for people living in the United States because they are used to warm baths during the cold season. It would be the main function of solar thermal collectors, to make sure that there is warm water in case it is really needed. Solar cooking could also be done with the use of a sola r box cooker, but it is not necessary and practical in the United States. Another important concept is solar lighting or daylighting, wherein it utilizes the natural light in order to illuminate a certain area or place. It literally saves natural light so that you could save on minimal usage of electric lighting systems.Photovoltaics uses photovoltaic or solar cells in order to generate electrical currents directly from sunlight, and the generated electricity will be stored in power cells for future usage. Photovoltaic cells are also the ones that power those solar powered calculators with LCD’s, because it only uses low power. In its early years of introduction, the cost of manufacturing was high, so there were fewer experiments that explores its possible uses. But when the cost of production lessened, it became more cost-effective to the users, thus making it a practical tool for the power savers. Pros and Cons of Solar energy Pros.According to Youngquist, â€Å"This is a favorite source of future energy for many people, comforted by the thought that it is unlimited (Youngquist). † Classifying solar power, it is a renewable source, meaning we will not seize to enjoying its benefits as long as the sun continues to shine and reaches Earth. It doesn’t emit any kind of pollution, like air or water pollutants, because there is no combustion that is happening, so there are no by products that causes pollution. It provides electricity to far flung places, which are too far to be reached by cables and lines from a certain power plant or generator. Cons.It is not stable and predictable because it requires or depends on a certain amount of sunlight that needs to reach Earth. The amounts vary at certain lengths of the day, and at some instances, when the weather is cloudy or rainy, sunlight may be too weak to provide solar energy. Also, photovoltaic power stations are very cost-ineffective, wherein it is only about 10% efficient, not really practic al to establish one in order to provide energy for a certain area. Nuclear energy as an alternative source Nuclear energy is created or is the energy which is emitted from atomic nucleus, wherein it requires various processes in order to do so.There are various processes involved in order to release nuclear energy from atomic nucleus. This includes radioactive decay, endothermic nuclear reactions, fusion or the combining of two atomic nuclei, and fission, or separating of the nucleus into two separate, equal parts. The United States are open into using and adopting Nuclear means in order to provide energy sources, especially when there is a great need arising from American states. Because of that increasing necessity, the natural resources could not provide all the energy requirements of the people.Since nuclear energy is an almost limitless resource, it is a good candidate as an alternative source of energy. Nuclear power in its most useful form, really promises a lot as a source o f energy. The process of attaining and extracting the energy itself does not produce any carbon dioxide, which we know that if there is excess of it, will be harmful to the environment. The nuclear power that the US is using today comes from the fission or splitting of the nucleus of uranium, plutonium or thorium, or the fusion of hydrogen into helium, wherein these processes emit a certain amount of energy.The most common means of acquiring nuclear power is through the fission of uranium. The ratio of the energy outputs of nuclear fission of uranium is great, wherein the fission process of its atom produces roughly about ten million times the energy output of combusting the atom of carbon from coal. Talking about the duration of a nuclear power plant, the present Uranium-235 reactors are projected to last for more than a hundred years time, providing enough energy for the needs of the world.These power plants generates roughly more or less than one million kilowatts of electricity, far greater than that of other power generating plants. But the underlying issue would be about the nuclear waste that these power plants produce. Surely, it is unavoidable not to have any waste byproducts produced. The fuel rods which is the core of these power plants, when already became spent, poses a great environmental risk, a problem being addressed by many, yet still has no concrete solution. These fuel rods are highly radioactive and dealing with this is very costly.Fuel rods lasts about two years, until when enough of the Uranium-235 has been changed into fission products, and when these builds up, the fuel rods should already be replaced. The problem would then be about properly disposing these nuclear wastes. When the fuel rods are used to produce heat to which raises or creates steam to generate or produce electricity, it also produces the unnecessary wastes from spent fuel items. They maybe reused for a number of times, but eventually, they would be useless and the nee d to dispose it will arise.If they don’t dispose it, it will decay in the environment, and since it is radioactive, it is highly hazardous to the health of living organisms. Possible solution. According to Fleming, â€Å"Various ideas about how to deal with them finally are current, but there is no standard, routinely-implemented practice. One option is to pack them, using remotely-controlled robots, into very secure containers lined with lead, steel and pure electrolytic copper, in which they must lie buried for millions of years in secure geological depositaries (Fleming).† A solution to this problem would be sealing these radioactive materials in a container with various elements that serves as its linings, like lead, steel and electrolytic copper. After that it would be buried in geologically secure places around the world so that it will not be disturbed while it undergoes the decaying process. But doing so is very impractical, especially now that we lack resource s for energy. It is not practical because the energy costs of making the containers made up of various metals is very great, wherein the energy usage will be equal to the same amount of energy required to build the nuclear reactor itself.For America, it is very impractical, and the problem would be where to burry those potentially dangerous containers, wherein most places in the country are inhabited by people, and they would surely disagree with the idea of doing so. The people would fear for their health the most. Pros and Cons Pros. Nuclear fission promises tremendous energy outputs, producing large amounts of energy with only a small amount of fuel. Comparing coal and uranium, it is said that one kilogram of uranium would be equal to that of about 3. 5 million kilograms of coal; the discrepancy between the two is very big.In terms of the cost in creating energy, nuclear power is as cheap as using and making coal power. Also, air pollution is not produced during the production, l ikewise with carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere, thus contributing to the worsening case of global pollution. According to McCarthy, â€Å"A major advantage of nuclear energy (and also of solar energy) is that it doesn't put carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere (McCarthy). † So we could clearly say that they’re not responsible for global warming or acid rain. Cons.Along with the usefulness of nuclear energy, underlying disastrous effects would come about. Nuclear fission of Uranium would create a lot of toxic substance that are very risky for living things. It creates poisonous wastes which are highly radioactive. Disposing of these wastes would require efficient planning and monitoring, and a hefty amount of budget. The Chernobyl accident, wherein a nuclear reactor have reached melt down was just a picture of the devastating effects of establishing nuclear reactors, especially those who are uncontained, near human settlements and establishments. It is a safety hazard for the people living near it. Establishing a nuclear reactor or power plant would require a lot of budget, even though it promises of cheaper energy, the costs of maintaining it and taking care of it until it is useless is very big. This is also prone to exploitation from those who seek power, since nuclear power is really scary and equally devastating, it could be an easy target for wrong doers and terrorists (Fleming). Summary and Integration The United States is undeniably running out of energy resources.We are being forced to import fuel for our machineries and technologies, which is why venturing on other possible sources of energy could be a move that could turn around the tables. Both Solar and Nuclear power promises and abundance of energies acquired from various means. But we shouldn’t take each other separately, since we could use both of them hand and hand. Having a lot of sources of energy could mean stability for the coming years. Applying both solar and nuclear power to the country could mean diversification in the use of resources, thus help in preserving our natural resources.We people are the ones who will benefit everything that these resources offer, provided that we use them properly. References: â€Å"Energy Situation†. 1996. March 12 2007. . â€Å"Solar Not Nuclear†. 2004. March 12 2007. . â€Å"The U. S. Press: Top Ten Nuclear Lies â€Å". 2004. March 12 2007. . Fleming, David. â€Å"Why Nuclear Power Cannot Be a Major Energy Source†. 2006. March 12 2007. . Kouchi, Roger.â€Å"Fact Sheet on Energy Situation†. 2006. March 12 2007. . McCarthy, John. â€Å"Frequently Asked Questions About Nuclear Energy†. 1995. March 12 2007. . Walker, Cameron. â€Å"The Future of Alternative Energy†. 2004. March 12 2007. . Youngquist, Walter. â€Å"Alternative Energy Sources – Myths and Realities†. 1998. March 12 2007. .

Taking a Look at Breast Cancer - 1758 Words

Introduction Breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related death among females in the world. It is known for â€Å"have both a genetic and non-genetic etiology† (Milne et al., 2010). It involves a combination of several factors- such as â€Å"genetic, environmental and behavioral risk factors†- that are unique to each individual (Nickels et al., 2013). This type of cancer is represented by a malignant tumor manifested in breast cells such as the line duct and line lobules cells, just to name a few. Because there are different types of breast cancer, it is harder to create an effective treatment or therapy that would lower or prevent its death rates. Despite advances in technology but lack of monetary support, there is a higher prevalence in African countries (U.S. breast cancer statistics, 2013). It has been found that â€Å"two thirds of breast tumors express estrogen receptors† (Lopez-Tarruella Schiff, 2007). Because of this, growth factor receptor signaling and hormone therapies have been shown as promising treatments to prevent and/or to find a cure for this cancer. Causes There are a vast variety of risk factors that could lead to the development of breast cancer. Some of these could be aging, family history, genetic disorders, hormonal dysregulation, background, such as ethnic group, parity, body mass index (BMI), alcohol consumption, radiotherapy, among many others (Definite breast cancer risks, 2014). Nonetheless, the first five factors are demonstrated to be highlyShow MoreRelatedTaking a Look at Breast Cancer1760 Words   |  7 PagesAccording to the Cancer Facts and Figures 2014 by the American Cancer Society, an estimated number of 232,670 women in the United States will be diagnosed with breast cancer, and about 2,360 new cases are expected in men. Breast cancer will possibly cause death to more than 40,000 female patients and 400 male patients in 2014. 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It is important to know how breast cancer works and the many parts that contribute to the knowledge of the disease. Famous actress Angelina Jolie brought breast cancer into the spotlight when she decided to get a double mastectomy. In the article â€Å"The Angelina Effect† that came from Times magazineRead MoreBreast Cancer That Develops From Breast Tissue Essay1049 Words   |  5 PagesBreast cancer that develops from breast tissue. Signs of breast cancer may include a lump in the breast, a change in breast shape, dimpling of the skin, fluid coming from the nipple, or a red scaly patch of skin. In those with distant spread of the disease, there may be bone pain, swollen lymph nodes, shortness of breath, or yellow skin. Risk factors for developing breast cancer include: female sex, obesity, lack of physical exercise, drinking alcohol, hormone replacement therapy during menopause